The use of the black soldier fly Hemetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) has been proposed as a an efficient saprophagous insect to obtain animal-derived protein and fat for livestock production from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW). For this reason, it is important to study the insect physiology and the best rearing conditions of this new intensive insect farming. H. illucens - biomass conversion start when the young larvae of this dipteran are introduced into composting and waste disposal plants, in which they grow reducing the biomass a of OFMSW and the polluting load. At the end of the production process, each larva or prepupa can reach a wet weight of 100-150 mg, with a high crude protein and lipid of manly unsaturated fatty acids of 42-63% and 32-40%, respectively. Therefore, the process show an efficient conversion of organic waste into high protein biomass. Because of the important energy and nutritional contribution, H. illucens larvae can be processed as feed for livestock animals such as fish, pigs or poultry, which naturally feed on insects. Although H. illucens meal has been proved to be a feasible alternative protein source for the partial replacement of fish or soya meal, it is unavoidable for the larvae to come across mycotoxins as they are feeding them on decaying vegetable and animal material. Mycotoxins are mold metabolites, harmful for animals and humans, and therefore not desired in food and feed products. The presence of mycotoxins in OFMSW has been demonstrated, but their presence in the body of the larvae should be deeply investigated to understand if mycotoxins can be present in the larvae and accumulate in the final flour constituting the animal feed. The thesis aim is to understand if mycotoxins could be present inside the larvae, after the ingestion of OFMSW collected in the Province of Bolzano (Italy). The possibility to remove these toxins from the flour will also be investigated. Briefly, I will focus on three main phases the production chain of H. illucens meal in terms of presence or absence of mycotoxins: i) the OFMSW, ii) the larvae collected at the end of their growing, and iii) the final meal. This thesis project is done in collaboration between the Free University of Bozen-Bolzano and the Laboratorio Analisi Alimenti, Agenzia Provinciale per l’Ambiente e la Tutela del Clima of Bolzano, as part of the EU project PROIBNSECT (Project FESR n. 1033).